Concrete form



July 16, 1940. A. FERNANDEZ CONCRETE FORM 2 Sheets-Sheet Filed May 14, 1934 @lr/tommy.

July 16, 1940. l A FERNANDEZ 2,208,302

CONCRETE FORM Filed May 14, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet Suva/Lto@ Patented July 16, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 11 Claims.

The invention relates to concrete forms having retaining walls for the concrete constructed from ilanged plates `bolted together. Such forms are used extensively in constructing tunnels, sewers,

water conduits, arches, wells, walls, etc., and have heretofore been constructed from rectangular plates each having two of its hanged edges disposedlongitudinally of the form wall and its other edges at right angles to the length of said wall.

l0 Form walls constructed in this way however, have been prone to sag, twist, warp, wave, etc., causing a great deal of trouble and inconvenience in aligning and holding them solidly. One object of my invention however, is to provide a new and improved construction which will provide a much stiffer and stronger form wall, said wall being effectively braced by having the flanges of the separate plates or sections disposed obliquely of the wall.

Another object is to provide wall sections of improved construction for rigid substantially fluid-tight connection with each other.

A further object is to provide novel stabilizers for the form wall or walls, readily adjustable to accurately position and hold the same. In this connection, a further object is to provide the stabilizers with passages through which fluid concrete may be forced, for instance into the space between a form wall and the wall of an excava- 30 tion, or into the space between inner and outer f form walls.

Yet another object is to provide the stabilizers with means for holding the usual concrete reinforcements in place, greatly facilitating the anchorage of said reinforcements preparatory to pouring or forcing the concrete.

A still further object is to provide an improved construction which may be manufactured easily and inexpensively and may be rapidly and conveniently assembled wherever its use is required.

With the foregoing in View, the invention resides in the novel subject matter hereinafter described and claimed, description being accomplished by reference to the accompanying drawings, These drawings for illustrative purposes show the invention embodied in a tubular form for constructing sewers, conduits, tunnels, etc., but it is to be understood that the invention is not restricted to a concrete forni of this type. n

Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a combined section and elevation showing the outer tubular wall of the form held in place within an excavation by means of the stabilizers, showing the manner in which iiuid concrete is forced through the passages of these stabilizers into the Space between the form wall and the wall of the excavation, and illustrating a number of reinforcements for the concrete held by arms which project from the stabilizers.

Fig. 2` is a combined section and elevation 5 showing the inner tubular wall held centered within the outer tubular wall by the stabilizers, showing the manner of forcing iluid concrete into the space between the two walls, and illustrating reinforcements for this concrete held by some of 10 the arms carried by the stabilizers. Y

Figs. 3 and 4 are vertical transverse sectional views as indicated by lines 3-3 and 4-4 respectively of Figs. l and 2.

Fig. 5 is a detail sectional View showing one 15 ymanner in which the holding arms for the reinforcements may be connected with the stabilizers.

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 showing another way of connecting the arms with the stabilizers.

Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view showing one of the manner types of feet with which the outer ends of the stabilizers'may be equipped, according tothe character of the material which they must abut.

Fig. 8 is an inner side elevation on an enlarged scale showing a portion of one of the form walls and illustrating the oblique positioning of the anges on the edges of the various plates or sections.

Fig. 9 is a View similar to Fig. 8 but showing a diierent form of construction.

Fig. 10 is a disassembled perspective View showing one of4 the form sections shown in Fig. 9 and portions of two other sections in juxtaposition. 35i

Figs. 11 and 12 are Views similar to Fig. 10 but showing slight variations.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view showing the plate from which the sections of Figs. 9 and 10 may be stamped.

In the drawings above brey described, E denotes the wall of an excavation, O has reference to the outer tubular wall of the concrete form, C denotes the concrete between the walls E and O,

I has reference to the inner tubular wall of the 45 mold and C indicates the concrete between the forniwalls O and I. These two form walls are constructed in the same manner and a description of the outer wall O will suiice for both.

The wall O is formed from a plurality of poly- 5b gonal plates or sections S, each of which is preferably diamond-shaped, each plate or section being given the requisite longitudinal curvature, having its two acute angular ends disposed at the two extremities of said curvature and having its 55 obtuse angular corners disposed at opposite sides of a line extending between said acute angular corners. All edges of the plates or sections S are formed with marginal flanges I5 and the lianges of said plates or sections are tightly secured together by bolts I6 or if desired, by other` fastening means. The plates or sections S are so assembled that the flanges I5 along two edges thereof extend on lines oblique to the wall O and the other anges. ofsaid plates .or sections also extend obliquelyf of the wall but on lines crossing the rst named lines. By having the plates or sections abut on those oblique lines and positioning their flanges on said lines, the entire wall is much more rigidly braced than when using the conventional construction. Moreover, the individual plates or sections possess a greater degree of inherent rigidity. This may be increased if desired, by forming said plates or sections with stamped rout X-shaped reinforcements I1.

Q In "Figspg and'lythe sections S are similar tothe sections S but 'possess jadditional structural characteristics. Each-plate or section S' is formed with two ,short parallel longitudinal edges I8 and with four relatively long edges I9 which converge from the ends of said edges I8 to form acute angular pointed ends for the plate or section. 'Ih'ese plates or sections may Well be each formed from a blank such as'that shown in Fig. 13, said blank having two slits 20 near two of its edges I9 and opening through the other f two edges I9 respectively. The edge portions of the blank are bent laterally on the dotted lines 2 I to provide the form plate or section with marginalflanges 22. The portions of these flanges whichoriginally lay between the slits 20 and the blank 'edges parallelto said slits', which portions are denoted at 23, constitute tongues which project from the pointed ends of the plate or section S', said tongues being disposed at opposite'sides of the longitudinal center line of said plate or section. The flange ends 24 at the inner extremities of the tongues 23 constitute abrupt shoulders'for a purpose to appear. The flanges and tongues are all formed withbolt holes 25.

When the sections S are assembled, the tongues 23' of the-sectionswhich are disposed end to end, overlap each other as shown in Fig. 9, and the portions 22' of the flanges 22, lie against the overlapped tongues. Moreover, the tongues 23 abut'the' shoulders 24. Relatively long ybolts 2B pass through the portions 23 and 22 and secure them tightly together, and additional bolts 21 pass through the abutting flanges 22 at other desired points. Exceptionally rigid, substantially fluid-tight joints are thus provided between vthe various plates or sections `of the form.

In Fig. ll, the plates or sections S2 are identical with the sections S with the exception that their tongues 23' are provided with projecting lugsv28 and the shoulders 24 are formed with notches 29. The lugs 28 and notches 29 interfitwhenthe sections are assembled, providing a still more rigid structure.

The sections or platesS3 of Fig. 12 are identical with the sections S except that their tongues 23 are beveled at 30 and their shoulders 24" are similarly beveled.

Some of the plates or sections S are formed with .openings 3I through which stabilizers 32 are threaded, said stabilizers being preferably similar to bolts. The outer ends of these stabilizers are intended to abut the wall of the excavation-E and they may be shaped in any suitableway according to the character 'of the material which they must abut. In most of the gures, the stabilizers are provided with substantially flat heads 33 at their outer ends but in Fig. '7, a foot 33 in the form of a flanged pan fis shown which is intended to more effectively and anti-slippingly engage clay or other relatively j soft material. The foot 33 is preferably formedY with perforations 34 through which the concrete C may pass, for this foot and the projecting portions of the stabilizer 32 of course remains in said concrete. The same is true of all of the stabilizers regardless of how their outer ends may be shaped.

' All of the stabilizers 32 are formed with pas- "sagesi through which fluid concrete may be forced into the space between the excavation wall E and the outer form wall O. For illustrative purposes, I have shownV each stabilizer formed with a central'bore 35 and with lateral outlets 36 from forcing the concrete C into place, and the wall' O will necessarily include triangular end sections R to tightly abut said ring.

The stabilizers 32 holdthe outer wall O accurately positioned and in the present showing, I provide shorttubularstabilizer sections 4I which may be threaded upon the inner `ends of said stabilizers 32 to abut the inner Wall I for the purpose of holding the latter in accurately spaced relation with-the wall O preparatory to forcing the concrete C into 'placer Certain sections of this inner wall I are formed'with openingsllz.` withy which the hose 40 may be connected to force the concrete C` into place. Should any of Athese openings be kaligned with the tubularr rstabilizer sections 4I as-seen for instance in Figs.

ends of said arms being provided with hooks 46or with any other preferred formations to engage thevreinrforcements 44. The inner ends of the arms 45 may be threaded into sockets 41 in the stabilizers 32 as seen in Fig. 5 or said arms may be secured to collars 48 threaded upon said stabilizers as illustrated in Fig. 6.

' It will be seen from the foregoing that novel and advantageous provision has been made for carrying out the objects of the invention and while the general construction shown and described may be considered as preferred, it is to be understood that numerous variations may be made within the scope of the invention as claimed'.

I claim:

1. In a sectional concrete form having an outer sectional Wall for disposition in a tunnel or other excavation, and an inner sectional Wall for disposition Within said outer wall; stabilizing means for said inner and outer walls, said stabilizing means consisting of stabilizing portions threaded through the outer form Wall and adjustable from the interior of said outer form wall to abut the excavation wall to hold said outer form Wall in place, and stabilizing portions carried by one of said form walls to abut the other form wall and hold the two form Walls in properly spaced relation.

2. In a sectional concrete form having an outer sectional wall for disposition in a tunnel or other excavation, and an inner sectional Wall for disposition within said outer Wall; stabilizers threaded through said outer form wall to abut the excavation wall and hold said outer form wall in place, and additional stabilizers having threaded engagement with the inner ends of the rst named stabilizers and adapted to abut the inner form wall to hold the latter in place.

3. In a sectional concrete form for disposition in a tunnel or other excavation; stabilizers passing from the interior to the exterior of said form to abut the wall of the excavation and hold the form in place, said stabilizers having passages through which fluid concrete may be forced into the space between the form and the excavation wall.

4. In a sectional concrete form having inner and outer sectional walls; stabilizers extending between said walls to hold them in properly spaced relation, said stabilizers having passages through which fluid concrete may be forced into the space between the two Walls.

5. A concrete form section comprising a plate having two short parallel longitudinal edges, and four relatively long edges which extend from the ends of said short edges and converge to provide pointed ends for the plate, all of said edges having apertured flanges, and apertured tongues integral. with certain of said flanges and projecting longitudinally from said pointed ends of the plate.

6. A structure as specified in claim 5; said .plate having lateral shoulders at the inner ends of said tongues, the outer ends of said tongues of the one plate being adapted to abut the shoulders of other plates and vice versa.

7. A structure as specified in claim 5; said plate having lateral shoulders at the inner ends of said tongues, the outer ends of said tongues of the one plate being adapted to abut the shoulders of other plates and vice versa, the outer ends of said tongues being provided with integral lugs projecting longitudinally therefrom, said shoulders having notches of substantially the same size as said lugs to allow the tongue lugs of one plate to engage the shoulder lugs of other plates and vice versa.

8. A structure as specified in claim 5; said plate having lateral shoulders at the inner ends of said tongues, the outer ends of said tongues of the one plate being adapted to abut the shoulders of other plates and vice versa, the outer ends of said tongues and said shoulders being beveled to allow the tongue bevels of one plate to lie against the shoulder bevels of other plates and vice versa.

9. A concrete form for reception in an excavation, said form having an opening, and a stabilizer threaded through said opening and adjustable from the interior of said form to dispose the outer end of said stabilizer in solid abutting contact with the excavation wall, said stabilizer having a longitudinal passage through which iiuid concrete may be forced, said passage having an inlet end at the interior of said form and having a lateral discharge end at the exterior of said form.

10. An excavation liner comprising an outer sectional metal wall spaced inwardly from the excavation Wall, an inner sectional metal wall spaced inwardly from said outer wall, concrete filling the space between said outer Wall and said excavation Wall and the space between said inner and outer walls, and radially disposed stabilizers passing through said outer metal wall, said stabilizers being embedded in said concrete and having their outer and inner ends abutting said excavation wall and said inner metal wall respectively.

l1. An excavation liner comprising a sectional metal wall spaced inwardly from the excavation wall, concrete lling the space between said sectional metal wall and said excavation Wall, additional concrete against and covering the inner side of said sectional metal wall, and radial stabil- `izers passing through said sectional metal Wall and embedded in said concrete, the outer ends of said stabilizers abutting said excavation wall.

ALPHONSE FERNANDEZ. 

